Thursday, November 1, 2018

Are Credit Cards Recyclable

However cards these days contain all kinds of technology that interfere with the recycling process. There is a much better way to dispose credit cards than cutting them up and throwing in the trash.

Are Credit Cards Recyclable And 7 Ways To Reuse Old Cards Conserve Energy Future

Without question you should destroy cards and throw them away.

Are credit cards recyclable. We have several technologies that were working on that applies to automotive and several other industries he said. This complexity makes recycling credit cards challenging. Can credit card plastic be recycled.

Ad Get a Card with 0 APR Until 2022. This is hugely beneficial as. One company Earthworks Systems used to collect PVC cards grind them up and melt them down to create new 100-percent recycled cards.

Are credit cards recyclable. Do not recycle them. Our Experts Found the Best Credit Card Offers for You.

Yes but its difficult. They are made of PVC a toxic plastic that is not recyclable or biodegradable. The acetate in the PVCA means you cant just toss them in your curbside recycling bin.

These practical tips can save you some grief and also save the world not really but its nice to think that. Most credit cards are made from polyvinyl chloride PVC which is a petroleum-based plastic currently non-recyclable. And Im not sure Im happy to take someones food source to make myself a plastic card.

Poly lactic acid PLA cards biodegrade in 82 days but not in the landfill. Unfortunately the plastic cards troublesome material the potential fraud exposure from the personal identifiers it contains and its relatively tiny footprint make widespread credit and debit card recycling a notable nonstarter in the green movement. Banks UAE clients will soon see their credit and debit cards made of recycled plastic HSBC credit and debt card holders in the UAE will be shifting to sustainable plastic in the near future.

In other words you should only send credit card plastic in a complete good quality without torn parts for them to recycle. However even though credit cards are not recyclable at this point in time there are a few things you can do to be more green with your credit card accounts. Credit cards and hotel key cards are made of PVC as are items like pipes vinyl siding for your house records shower curtains and mattress covers.

Our Experts Found the Best Credit Card Offers for You. Not as much as they should be. Most credit cards and other wallet cards are made from PVC number 3 plastic which is commonly accepted by recycling programs.

Still PVC makers claim it can be recycled and reused though there doesnt seem to be a very accessible way of getting the job done. Notice that your credit cards dont have any recycling icon or information whatsoever. The metal in the cards is also recycled and then sent for use in other industries such as jewellery and electrical circuit manufacturing.

Not as much as they should beUnfortunately the plastic cards troublesome material the potential fraud. The answer is YES but its not that obvious. Can credit cards be recycled.

Ad Get a Card with 0 APR Until 2022. This is mostly because many of these cards contain materials that could contaminate other recyclables in a. They are made from corn starch.

Are credit cards recyclable. Gift cards are made of polyvinyl chloride also known as PVC or by the recycling 3. Gift cards credit cards and other plastic cards are made of PVC plastic 3 which is recyclable but few curbside programs accept it.

Every banking card is a well-designed compound made up of metals copper nickel gold aluminum iron resin glass silicon and plastics PVC PET. If Vorst and his research team have it their way that could one day change. While recycling a card would mean it doesnt go to a landfill it would instead go to a plant where it would be placed onto a conveyor belt and sorted by human hands.

Can Democrats Win The Senate In 2020

In the current political landscape theyre the underdogs and they know it. Scott Applewhite 2020 could be the year Democrats win the Senate.

Georgia Runoff Democrats Win Us Senate Control After Taking Two Seats News Dw 06 01 2021

Can the Democrats win the Senate.

Can democrats win the senate in 2020. Democrats now have a. The 2020 Democratic field continues to grow most recently with New York City Mayor Bill de Blasios entry into the race. July 14 2020 at 237 pm.

Its hard for me to imagine a scenario where Biden doesnt win and Democrats win the Senate Kondik said. Thats 44 Senators that either arent up for re-election this year or that represent states where Democrats have over a 95 chance of winning. CNN The political worlds focus on the possible impeachment of President Donald Trump by the House has obscured a critical shift in the battle for control of the Senate.

The team looks at his theory of the case how he could win and why he. Heres where things stand Lita Nadebah Beck Christal Hayes Joey Garrison Deirdre Shesgreen and Ledyard King USA TODAY 1152020. In the US 2020 election the battle to control of the Senate is almost as important as the race for the White House because control of Congress can make or break a presidency.

Updated 630 PM ET Mon August 31 2020. To win the majority in the Senate Democrats need to pick up only three Republican seats if Biden is elected president and running mate Kamala Harris wields the tiebreaking vote as vice-president. Trump took the state by 30 points in 2016 but a Democrat claimed victory in the governors race in November.

CNN On Monday CNN debuted our list of the 10 Senate. In fact I would be shocked if they did not. Updated 714 PM ET Wed September 23 2020 CNN The biggest news out of The Economists release this week of its Senate model is that it gives Democrats a 67 chance of winning 51 seats and the.

But there are a few other races where Democrats seem in trouble such as the Alabama Senate race between incumbent Doug Jones D and challenger Tommy Tuberville R. The Economist has created a. Senate seats up for election in 2020.

Numerous other federal state and local elections including the 2020 presidential election and the 2020 Senate elections will also be held on this date. Analysis by Chris Cillizza CNN Editor-at-large. Democrats in the upper chamber hold.

Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer. Democrats have held a majority in the House of Representatives since January 3 2019 as a result the 2018 elections when they won 235 seats. UTC To win the Senate majority Democrats need to net four seats total in Novembers election or they need to net three and for Democrats to win.

To take the majority Democrats will either need 50 seats if they win the White House or 51 seats if. As we careen wildly toward the 2020 election with the real possibility that the Democrats could nominate Bernie Sanders a democratic socialist who wants to implement Medicare for All cancel college loan debt and make public universities tuition free its worth asking what chance he would have to get his agenda through Congress. In 2020 Democrats must win a net of three seats and the vice presidency or four seats without the vice presidency to assume control of the Senate.

Democrats are now unlikely to win a majority in the Senate. The Economist In the US 2020 election the battle to control of the Senate is almost as important as the race for the White House because control of Congress can make or break a presidency. Heres exactly how Democrats win the Senate.

With these three races heating up and the massive early voting I definitely would not be surprised if Democrats flip the Senate in 2020. Considering this will Democrats win the House in 2020. But for progressives in 2020 Mitch McConnells seat in Kentucky is the holy grail.

Thats a tough objective but not impossible. Democrats essentially start 2020 with 44 Senators. The Economist has created a new statistical model to predict who will win.

Saturday, October 27, 2018

How Many Sheets Of Toilet Paper Should You Use

Which equals to 12. Your mileage may vary and most likely will from one event to the next but no less an authority than the Massachusetts Institute of Technology determined that the average number of sheets per use is 86.

How Many Squares Of Toilet Paper Do You Use Copywriting Course

Men need 1204 sheets per week while women need 5332.

How many sheets of toilet paper should you use. We use an average of 57 sheets of toilet paper a day. A very insightful website called Toilet Paper History lists the average number of rolls each person uses a year at 100 So you might want to get out your calculator. If there are only 6 squares left you can easily get 4 wipes without getting your hands dirty 3 for the first 3 for the next 3 When things get messy you dont have to feel bad about wiping to completion.

So how many sheets of toilet paper does each event require. Consumers use approximately 8 - 9 sheets of paper per toilet use. 20 wipes will only use 19 extra squares than a normal wipe.

There is no more second-guessing if you can or cant use more sheets per trip or not. 1 Year Supply of Toilet paper So if you wanted to store ahead aone-year supply of toilet paperat 2 rolls per week for preparedness youre looking at about 100 rolls per personabout 8 12-packs or 4 cases of 24. To build this solution Novario explains start with slightly more TP than you would for a minimal fold wipe.

Most people use about 20000 sheets of toilet paper per year or about 100 rolls. Back to the calculator. I personally think the ball-up-and-scrunch method for wiping is not only inefficient and wastefulbut also less.

RAskReddit is the place to ask and answer thought-provoking questions. As the article is on toilet paper we will leave water out and concentrate on the paper. At home I typically use 3.

For the calculator you add in how many rolls you have in the house move the slider along for how often on average you use the toilet and it will tell you how long you have before you run out. A study has found that for one mans lifetime need for toilet paper. Okay everyone wipes themselves atleast twice which means you used 6 sheets of toilet paper per poop.

Simply adjust the settings for your family dynamics and the percentage of toilet paper that you think your family uses. How many squares of toilet paper do you use per wipe. Users enter how many rolls of toilet paper they have and how many times they visit the loo.

Approximately 57 sheets per day of toilet paper are used with 86 sheets being used per trip to the bathroom. 316m members in the AskReddit community. If you scroll to the Advanced Options section you can really get detailed.

Each person uses roughly 50 pounds of toilet paper a year. There are two types of toilet paper users. The average person flushes the toilet up.

Going the other direction the single ply toilet paper has 1000 sheets per roll although you probably end up using more per wipe. 45 inches by 45 inches per sheet Seven percent of Americans steal rolls of toilet paper in hotels or motels. A couple folded sheets with a crumple on top for extra waste-wicking wrinkles and folds.

The only correct way to hang said toilet paper is over. How much toilet paper you use depends on many circumstances but one thing remains certain. The number of sheets of toilet paper and amount of time and effort needed will be significantly reduced if you follow up with a moist toilet tissue.

I feel this is the optimum amount for safe coverage without being too wasteful. Theres no set number of times you should wipe when it comes to learning how to clean your bum but using a toilet paper thats strong and soft will help you feel comfortable no matter how many sheets you need. Wadders typically just start pulling until they feel guess they have enough which can range from 9 to 16 sheets and will do it 2 or 3 more times therefore tend to use a lot more toilet paper.

The layout is simple. But if you get that Ultra Comfort Care from Cottonelle you only get 121 sheets. The facts concerning the amount of toilet paper used on average by a person each year are.

Most people use between one and two rolls of TP each week. You need to cut down 384 trees. Most people use the toilet 6-7 times a day but 4-10 can also be normal The average consumer uses 8-9 sheets per wipe for 57 sheets a day.

He sent a diagram to illustrate the ideal toilet paper shape. Unless you get Mega roll in which case you get 284 sheets. But for a large population of the world water is the solution and not toilet paper.

The average roll weighs 227 grams measurements. Even if you use more it doesnt even get close to 57 sheets.

Friday, October 26, 2018

Back To The Future Fabric

May 3 2018 - Find great deals for Back to the Future 1 2 3 Movie Pop Art Deco Poster Wall Fabric Canvas 1579. This design is printed on one side of a soft 100 polyester fleece blanket.

Back To The Future Fabric Patch Ghastly Commodities Online Store Powered By Storenvy

I foresee two possibilities.

Back to the future fabric. Together they founded Bengal Muslin a collaborative enterprise aimed at. The Future McFlys. The most common back to the future fabric material is cotton.

Not a Micahel J. Until recently the notion of a fabric in a network was confined to single device. Wait a minute Doc.

Accordingly the Intertextile Trend Committee has called the trend theme for clothing fabrics for. Whats the Future of Fabric. Are you telling me that you built a.

Back to the future posters. One seeing herself thirty years in the future would put Jennifer into shock and shed simply pass out. Back to the Future Part II.

Back to the Future Great Scott. Two layers of soft 95 polyester 5 spandex fabric with sublimation print on the outside layer. All materials have throughly washed and cleaned by me.

Your purchase supports Spoonflowers growing community of artists. Back to the Future Part II. Back To The Future by Pop Fabric Posters by Ali Scher canvas art arrives ready to hang with hanging accessories included and no additional framing required.

By Bridal Fabrics March 7 2018. You might think its the stuff of Terminator but self-healing fabrics are actually a part of our lives right now and theyre about to start multiplying. Shipping If you have any questions do not hesitate to drop me a line.

Turning Fabrics Inside Out. There are 97 back to the future fabric for sale on Etsy and they cost 1553 on average. Every canvas print is hand-crafted in the USA made on-demand at iCanvas and expertly stretched around.

The Fabrics This is a Back to the Future themed fabric that is lined in a solid white 100 cotton. A good time to look back and take in how the fashion industry has changed over the past years and to get inspiration for the future. Shop with confidence on eBay.

March 21 2019 317 am Published by Writer Leave your thoughts. Of course its a part of the dress that the wedding party is going to be looking at for a significant part. Shop back-to-the-future fabric at the worlds largest marketplace supporting indie designers.

Print custom fabric wallpaper home decor items with Spoonflower starting at 5. Granted thats the worst-case scenario. Or two the encounter could create a time paradox.

At some point they started to think that maybe just maybe it might be possible to bring the legendary fabric back. These masks are ready to ship so I will get them in the mail within 48 hours if you only buy ready to ship masks. Worldwide Shipping Available as Standard or Express delivery Learn more.

The year 2020 marks the beginning of a new decade. The Future of Network Fabrics. 4 out of 5 stars 2 Sale Price 480 480 600 Original Price 600 20 off Favorite Add to.

With so many innovative new technologies and processes being developed a lot of people are speculating about what the future might look like for the textile industry. Fox Doc or clock tower in sight though we are focused on the future with trend spotting and were delighted to see the new focus on the back of wedding dresses. All of these great back to the future designs are available in fabric by the yard fabric by the meter wallpaper and home decor items like curtains bedding pillows and dining.

Back to the future sweatshirts hoodies. 9x14 Tumbler Cut Custom Fabric High Quality Cotton Lyrics Mask Cut Tumbler Fabric Back To The Future SSCreationsGA. While rips and.

Emmett Doc Brown and the DeLorean. Back To The Future. The most popular color.

This cross stitch pattern will bring you directly Back to the Future with Marty McFly Dr. How to cite this entry Robert Zemeckis Bob Gale. The switching fabric inside an NPU or ASIC the fabric module of a modular router or the fabric chassis of a multi-chassis system.

Back to the future phone cases. The results of which could cause a chain reaction that would unravel the very fabric of the space-time continuum and destroy the entire universe. A worldwide cultural phenomenon and the highest-grossing film of 1985 Back to the Future launched one of the most successful franchises in Universals history including two theatrical sequels an animated television series a theme park ride toys comic books video games and apparel.

Home Blogs The Future of Network Fabrics. This Back To The Future 36 x 58 fleece throw blanket is an officially licensed product and features our cool Delorean design.

Thursday, October 25, 2018

Spotify Live Stream

In my opinion this should be an actual Spotify. Spotify satu-satunya musik yang kamu butuhkan.

Best Spotify Now Playing For Live Streams Streamlabs Obs Tutorial Youtube

During Stream On well explore the power of audio the journey of creation and the opportunities ahead for millions of creators and billions of fans.

Spotify live stream. Jutaan lagu dan podcast. Artist 25M monthly listeners. Its up to Facebook to bring this feature back as it was theirs in the first place.

Spotify has announced Spotify HiFi a high-quality streaming tier that will launch later this year. A streaming music platform that has many interesting features and is widely used by millenial generation around the world including in Indonesia to listen to music. So as long as you dont use the Spotify app to play the content on your channel its fine.

No credit card needed. Millions of songs and podcasts. Competitors like Tidal and Amazon already offer lossless streaming but now the leading music.

Many features and many stores such as Spotify AppleMusic Pandora or Napster. Spotify Listening is everything. No credit card needed.

If youve decided to set on Spotify and now trying to acquire popularity and love from multiple users what youre going to need is some help from us. Our mission when we set out in 2008 remains the same today. Its no secret that amount of followers you have on Spotify represents your overall image as an artist.

Spotify Perusahaan Tentang Pekerjaan For the Record Komunitas Untuk Artis Pengembang Iklan Investor Vendor Tautan berguna Dukungan Pemutar Web Aplikasi Seluler Gratis. What you can do using Spotify however is recreating the stream in a playlist and sharing that with the viewers of your stream in case they want to follow it and listen to it once in a while. Bring your music to mobile and tablet too.

This list contains the most-streamed artists on the audio streaming platform SpotifyAs of April 2021 Justin Bieber has the most monthly listeners on Spotify by a male artist and Dua Lipa has the most monthly listeners on Spotify by a female artist. Regular updates beautiful GUI Analytics tools. It appears that you have no search credit available- If you have an account please login- If you are logged in make sure to validate your account through the validation email that has been sent.

Play music when and where you want with personalized stations based on your taste and feedback. Listen to Live on Spotify. This list contains the top 100 songs with the most streams on the audio streaming platform SpotifyAs of April 2021 all of the top 100 songs have exceeded 11 billion streams of which five have reached 2 billion streams with Ed Sheerans Shape of You ranked in the top position.

Prior to February 2014 Spotifys most-streamed song was Radioactive by Imagine Dragons. For Spotify audio is our past presentand future. Play millions of songs on your device.

Millions of songs and podcasts. Spotify is all the music youll ever need. Spotify Music Streaming Bot include much features like the performance mode accounts checker and some other features.

To connect creators with fans and empower creators to live off of their art. Spotify is all the music youll ever need. Select an artist genre or even decade and Spotify Stations does the hard work for you.

Spotify is all the music youll ever need. Spotify is a digital music service that gives you access to millions of songs. Spotify is finally adding high-quality lossless streaming to its service in a move that could entice Tidal Deezer and Amazon Music Unlimited users over to the popular music streaming platform.

Spotify Company About Jobs For the Record Communities For. Our partners use cookies to personalize your experience to show you ads based on your interests and for measurement and analytics purposes. - If you have no account subscribe and.

Welcome to our Spotify streaming numbers tool. The most powerful and affordable streaming bot 2021 Spotify Music Streaming Bot. This is a Facebook problem and Spotify doesnt have control over this.

Spotify Listening is everything. Create stations based on the music and songs you love and enjoy streaming radio all for free with Spotify Stations. Plus the more Spotify Stations learn about what you love to listen to youll get even more.

It was overtaken by. Spotify is all the music youll ever need. Ed Sheeran has the most followers by a male artist and Ariana Grande has the most followers by a female artist.

One of the applications that is becoming a trend at the moment is Spotify. This paper aims to explain clearly and detail about Spotify as the worlds largest streaming music.

Tuesday, October 23, 2018

Benefits Of Strong Immune System

The immune system is a complex network of organs cells proteins and tissues that work together to protect the body against infection to maintain overall health. Immune strength is very much top of mind for many people these days and there are a few signs that indicate you have a strong immune system including the ability to recover from colds and flu quickly and sleep well.

How It Works Embria Health Sciences

The immune system is the bodys natural defense against germs bacteria or other illness-causing foreign invaders.

Benefits of strong immune system. Benefits Of A Strong Immune System Messengers Of The Cells Of The Immune System Include Secondary Organs Of The Immune System Include Quizlet Immune Privilege Nervous System Which Of The Following Is Responsible For Stimulating The Immune System To Produce Antibodies. A strong immune system helps us combat dangerous infections and thats why nearly everyone whos trying to look after their health will think and talk about ways to boost the immune system. Most of the time a strong immune system is able to fight off an infectious agent with little to no medical intervention.

A strong immune system is one of the biggest advantages for humans and there are many steps individuals can take to help strengthen their immune systems to help fight infections and reduce the risk of contracting highly contagious diseases. They convert fat into the energy necessary for many works. If your immune system is operating as it should youll be better equipped to deal with the challenges your body faces.

Consuming lean red meat can supply an individual with a health dose of zinc and help boost the immune system. Having A Strong Immune SystemIs Key For Your Health. It plays an essential role in protecting the body against harmful germs and substances that could cause illness infection or.

Getting plenty of sleep 8 hours a night. How can I boost my immune system naturally. They help in storing fat for a long amount of time.

Ros And Interplay With Immune System Activation. They also generate antidote of many diseases that can be cured only by healthy bacteria. This doesnt mean however that needing medical assistance is a sign of a weakened immune system.

A weak immune system can open the door to many conditions which is why it is vital to maintain it so that it remains capable of defending and protecting you from dangerous invaders as well as long term prevention of disease. They regulate our immune system by producing more number of white blood cells. You need a strong immune system to build good foundational health Your immune system is your first line of defense against infection and disease.

But does it help to boost your immune system naturally and keep it healthy. It is also an essential part of the immune system which maintains fluid levels and fights infection. Just like a healthy diet exercise can contribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.

But the lymphatic system needs your help to transport fluid through the body because it does not have an automatic pump like the heart which moves blood into the circulatory system. Unfortunately it can also trigger autoimmune diseases such as lupus multiple sclerosis rheumatoid arthritis Sjögrens syndrome and type 1 diabetes. It improves cardiovascular health lowers blood pressure helps control body weight and protects against a variety of diseases.

Importantly the adaptive immune system can only target particular pathogens. When an antigen or infecting organism enters the body the immune system begins to create antibodies to fight off the illness or disease. They help in digesting the food that we eat.

So for example a T-cell specific to Covid-19 will not respond to influenza or bacterial pathogens. Your immune system is very complex protecting your body from viruses bacteria and harmful substances.

Pay Later Amazon

Amazon Pay Later is a simple and convenient way to get instant credit for EMI purchases made on Amazonin via a. Amazon Renewed Like-new products you can trust.

Amazon Pay Later Instant Credit Line Launched In India

Immediately you will be given a credit limit of Amazon Pay Letter.

Pay later amazon. After this enter the Aadhaar number and enter OTP. How Does Amazon Pay Later Work. Amazon Pay Later is New Service From Amazon.

We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Amazon Pay Later Quiz is live now from 20th January to 12th February 2021. Customers can make payments the next month or in EMIs over 3 to 12 months.

Amazon also provides this convenience in payment of your electricity and mobile bills. Amazon Pay Later is a facility for buying a product and paying money later. Get same benefit on Paytm too.

This facility is offered by Capital Float or IDFC First bank. Lets check its features eligibility steps to apply and steps to get it ac. If you are interested to participate in this Quiz and looking for all the 5 Correct Answers then you are at the right place.

Pay Later is allowing consumers to opt for credit to pay monthly utility bills or essential purchases during the Covid-19 lockdown. Amazon Pay later facility can also be converted to Amazon EMI Facility. You can purchase ration electronics and gadgets from the application under Amazon Pay Letter option.

Then click on Sign up in 60 seconds. Amazon Pay Later is a credit service that allows users to use the Amazon Pay Platform on a Post-paid basis for a pre-approved amount. This facility is offered by Capital Float or IDFC First bank.

Complete your purchase with the Visa card number displayed in the app. Take control of your budget. Amazon Pay Later offers instant credit on all products up to Rs 60000 as long as they are purchased on Amazon.

After youve added everything to your cart go to the checkout page and tap the Pay with K button at the bottom of the app screen. Amazon is an e-commerce company and cannot extend credit to its customers. See financing options for Amazon to make payments with deferred billing as well as other Electronics stores.

Customers can make payments the next month or in EMIs over 3 to 12 months. Go to your shopping cart. Select Pay with and enter the purchase amount.

What is Amazon Pay Later. Amazon Pay Later gives customers the option to avail instant zero-interest credit on any of the products listed on Amazon India. You can choose a simple EMI option and pay monthly with ease.

Amazon Pay Later is New Service From Amazon. You need to register for this facility before making use of it. How to activate Amazon Pay Later.

Click on Amazon Pay Later shown above. Through Amazon Pay Later one can get hassle-free way instant credit through a completely digital process for purchases using EMI on Amazonin. So if you dont have enough.

You need to register for this facility before making use of it. The credit facility is extended by its partner CapFloat Financial Services Private Limited a non-banking financial company. You can use this facility to pay the entire purchase amount next month at no extra cost or pay in 3 to 12 EMIs.

Search for Amazon on the home screen and add items to cart. Now enter the PAN number. What is Amazon Pay Later.

Amazon Subscription Boxes Top subscription boxes right to your door. The setup process for Amazon pay later will take less than 2 minutes. Open the Amazon app on your smartphone and go to the Amazon Pay section.

Amazon Pay Later is a facility for buying a product and paying money later. You can Play this Pay Later Quiz and Win 20000. Amazon Pay Later Option.

E-commerce app Paytm also facilitate users with pay later option. Search for Amazon on the home screen and start adding items to your cart. Amazon Pay Later gives customers the option to avail instant zero-interest credit on any of the products listed on Amazon India.

Customers can make payments the. Amazon Pay Later gives customers the option to avail instant zero-interest credit on any of the products listed on Amazon India. Split your purchase in 4 installments over 6 weeks.

Amazon allows you to buy now and pay later. Amazon Second Chance Pass it on trade it. Amazon Pay later facility can also be converted to Amazon EMI Facility.

Friends In This Video I Will Show You That How You Can Enable Or Activate Amazon Pay Later Feature In Your Amazon Account And I Have Shared All The Useful In. Chalo dekhte hai kya hai Amazon Pay Later jo launch ho chuka hai ab India me.

How Much Does It Cost To Hire A Surrogate

The surrogacy cost in the USA is outrageously highThe typical surrogacy process in North America can range from 90000 to 150000. In states ...